![]() ![]() Since ions are charged particles, they can conduct an electrical current - that’s why they’re called electrolytes! For the most part, electrolytes include organic salts, some proteins, and both organic and inorganic acids and bases.Įlectrolytes have much greater osmotic power than nonelectrolytes because each electrolyte molecule disassociates into at least two ions. In contrast, electrolytes are chemical compounds that do disassociate into ions in water. Most nonelectrolytes are organic molecules - lipids, glucose, urea, creatinine, for example. Because of this, no electrically charged species are created when nonelectrolytes dissolve in water. Nonelectrolytes have bonds (usually covalent bonds) that prevent them from disassociating in a solution. It has been known that human plasma has a significantly longer shelf life than blood which is why it can be more sought after for those that need it as part of their treatment. In the image above, the ECF compartment is divisible in two compartments: (1) Plasma, the fluid portion of blood ( you may need to use this equipment to extract it from the other blood componants in a laboratory), and (2) interstitial fluid (IF), the fluid in the spaces between tissue cells. The ECF is the body’s internal environment and the cells external environment.Įxchange of gases, nutrients, water, and wastes between the three fluid compartments of the body. The remaining one-third of body water is outside cells, in the extracellular fluid compartment (ECF). The intracellular fluid is the fluid within the cells of the body. About two-thirds is in the intracellular fluid compartment (ICF). There are two main fluid compartments water occupies in the body. So, the more muscles one has, the higher the total body water % will be. In contrast, skeletal muscle contains 75% water. Adipose (fat) tissue is the least hydrated tissue in the body (20% hydrated), even bone contains more water than fat. This is because women typically have less skeletal muscle and more fat than males. The average young man is around 60% water, while a healthy young woman is about 50%. Total body water declines after infancy, and by the team one reaches old age, total body water is only about 45%. #BODY FLUID COMPARTMENTS PERCENTAGES SKIN#Infants, with their low bone mass and low body fat, are 73% water! Due to the high concentration of water, an infants skin appears “dewy” and soft. These differences are greatest in premature babies, when ECF exceeds ICF.Factors which determine the overall water weight of a human being include sex, age, mass and body fat percentage. The ICF volume is obtained by subtracting the ECF volume from the TBW.ĮCF exceeds 30% and ICF is <40%. The interstitial fluid volume is determined as the difference between ECF volume and plasma volume. These substances neither leave the vascular system nor penetrate the erythrocytes. ![]() Plasma volume can be measured either by radioactive albumin or by Evans blue. ECF volume is measured using inulin, which is proportionally distributed between plasma volume and interstitial volume. TBW is measured using deuterium oxide (heavy water). Vol1 = volume of indicator, Vol2 = volume to be measured.Īgents used for measurement of fluid compartments Relationship between the volumes of major fluid compartmentsĪ known amount of tracer is introduced into the space to be measured, and its concentration measured after mixing.Ĭon1 = initial concentration of indicator, Con2 = final concentration of indicator Total body water (TBW) constitutes 55-60% of the body weight in men and 45-50% of the body weight in young women. ![]()
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